design propeller turbine 3D heliciel software: discover heliciel software and Mecaflux suite softwares

see also: Tutorials how to design propeller

How to set the hub diameter with the propeller blade root radius in 3D model design software:

We observe here the influence of the radius at the root of a wind turbine blade, but for the propellers and turbines, the process is identical.

Root radius of wind turbine blade or propeller, corresponds to the distance between the axis of rotation of the propeller and the base of the first profile element of the blade. In other words this is where the blade begins.

Diagram showing the distribution of blade chords and thickness of the blade entered by the user in HELICIEL:

It is at the root of the blade, that focus the forces generated by the drag and lift of the blade. It should be noted that, due to the small radius, the apparent speed at the blade root is lower than the speed at the blade tip. This has the effect that at equal surface, the elements liftl, ocated at the root of the blade is lower than the elements lift situated in the middle of the blade. To keep the lift near the blade root, it can be chosen to increase the width of the elements approaching the axis of the propeller.This has the effect of also increasing the relative thickness of the profiles close to the blade root , and thus to increase the strength of the blade of the thrust propeller or the wind turbine.

We see for example this small wind turbine blade (screen capture software HELICIEL below), the chords profiles of elements close to the blade root, are greater than the chords of the middle blade profiles. Yet in the graph of the distribution of the lift, we find that the lift elements close to the blade root is lower than the lift elements of the middle blade. This is due to the apparent speed which is lower in the blade root. And as the lift increases with the square of the apparent speed...

Note also the loss of lift due to leakage at the blade tip, yellow gold chart shows the lift regardless of losses:

We also note, in the control chart resistance (above), the allowable deflection at the foot of the blade (yellow) is more important, because of the width of chords near the blade root. We see the calculated bending, green. Each element, combines the bending of the following items, and the bending at the foot of the blade is the total of bending moments of all other elements. Thus, even if it generates itself little bending the blade root undergoes the strongest bending moment.

 

If we wanted the elements close to the blade root generate efficient lift, the blade should be of considerable width. The cost of the material compared to the profitability fact that we prefer to focus on the resistance and hence the thickness.

This leads manufacturers to draw profiles blade root usually close the circle without trying to bring the blade root closer to the axis.

Other manufacturers refuse to lose a crumb :

This is really nice, the price of additional amounts must be justified by superior performance and years of operation.... otherwise, if it is purely aesthetic, it's true that it's beautiful!

 

The propellers that the Wright brothers had drawn, and to which any grams of thrust was vital because of the limited power of the engine had the radius at blade root = 0 mm:

 

As the blade tip, the blade root, may subject to the leakage of fluid due to the pressure on the lower surface and the depression on the upper surface.

Outside the efficiency losses, generated by the blade root leakage and leakage at the blade tip, these pressure leaks may defeat the objective of the propeller, if it is to pressurize a fluid. This is the case of the propeller fan, ventilation, axial turbine pumps or jet ski. In these cases, the radius of the blade root will be highly increased, so that the pressure variation generated by the impeller is concentrated at the level of the area where the lift is the greatest (about 0.75 times the radius of the blade). Thus leakage is limited, avoiding the area of ​​low pressure change near the axis. The propeller being ducted, losses at the blade tip, become minimal.

See:Design fans, ventilation air conditioning, blowers and fan PC:

 

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